Economy of Ukraine
Published since September 1958
Login

№ 4/2021

Ekon Ukr. 2021 (4): 88–99
https://doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2021.04.088

SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT PRACTICE

УДК 331.1

JEL: J11, J18

MORTIKOV Vitalii


ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF ELDERLY PEOPLE


The economic activity of the elderly is becoming increasingly important with the aging of the population and the extension of the education of young people. Older people have experience, knowledge, which is an important component of human capital of modern organizations and countries in general. Meanwhile, in Ukraine, according to statistics, the economic activity of the elderly has decreased significantly during the 2008-2018 period. Most elderly workers are among the specialists and representatives of the simplest professions. Data on the registered statistics of economic activity of elderly in the regions of Ukraine are weakly correlated with the situation on regional labor markets. This is due, in particular, to the significant shadow component of employment in this age group.
There are both positive and negative aspects of economic activity of older people. Despite the benefits of using the labor of older people, they compete for jobs with people of active working age, their involvement is more expensive for employers. With this in mind, regulating the use of human resources of older workers is necessary to maintain the labor balance in the country as a whole, as well as in regions and individual organizations. The article determines which decisions of the elderly the state can influence: retirement earlier than the normal retirement period; exit after reaching this age; continuation of economic activity outside the retirement age, i.e later retirement.
The tools of influencing the economic activity of the elderly are the pension system, the creation of jobs taking into account the interests of older workers, improving the quality of their work, combating age discrimination. It is shown that changes in the pension system of Ukraine in 2017 contribute to the intensification of economic activity of persons of pre-retirement and retirement age.


Keywords:economic activity; elderly people; regulation of economic activity; goals of regulating the economic activity of the elderly; tools for regulating the economic activity of the elderly; pension system

Article original in Ukrainian (pp. 88 - 99) DownloadDownloads :106
The article was received by the Editorial staff on February 16 , 2021

References

1. Clark R., Hammond R., Liu S. Work after retirement: Worklife transitions of career public employees. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, First View, pp. 1-16, available at: www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-pension-economics-and-finance/article/abs/work-after-retirement-worklife-transitions-of-career-public-employees/805EE6AD8728373BC03450CD4D9C77C1
doi.org/10.1017/S1474747219000428

2. Dalen H.P. van, Henkens K., Schippers J. How do employers cope with an ageing workforce? Views from employers and employees. Demographic Research, 2010, Vol. 22, pp. 1015-1036.
doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2010.22.32

3. Hofäcker D. Older Workers in a Globalizing World: An International Comparison of Retirement and Late-Career Patterns in Western Industrialized Countries. Cheltenham, UK, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2010.

4. Mortikov V. Pension provision and employment. Economy of Ukraine, 2000, No. 2, pp. 63-66 [in Ukrainian].

5. Abraham K., Hershbein B., Houseman S. Contract Work at Older Ages. Upjohn Institute Working Paper 20-323. Kalamazoo, MI, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 2020, available at: research.upjohn.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1342&context=up_workingpapers

6. Solinge H. van, Henkens K. Work-related factors as predictors in the retirement decision-making process of older workers in the Netherlands. Ageing and Society, 2014, Vol. 34, pp. 1551-1574.
doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X13000330

7. Acemoglu D., Robinson J.A. Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity, and Poverty. Moscow, AST, 2016 [in Russian].

8. Principi A., Bauknecht J., Di Rosa M., Socci M. Employees' Longer Working Lives in Europe: Drivers and Barriers in Companies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020, Vol. 17, Iss. 5, p. 1658.
doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051658

9. Soosaar O., Puur A., Leppik L. Does raising the pension age prolong working life? Evidence from pension age reform in Estonia. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, 2021, Vol. 20, Iss. 2, pp. 317-335.
doi.org/10.1017/S1474747220000244

10. Gorlin Y., Lyashok V., Salmina A. Replacement rate as an instrument of analysis and forecasting of pension system. Voprosy Ekonomiki, 2020, No. 12, pp. 80-103 [in Russian].
doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2020-12-80-103

11. Alonso-Fernandez J., Meneu-Gaya R., Devesa-Carpio E. et al. From the Replacement Rate to the Synthetic Indicator: A Global and Gender Measure of Pension Adequacy in the European Union. Social Indicators Research, 2018, No. 138, pp. 165-186.
doi.org/10.1007/s11205-017-1653-x

12. Hudomiet P., Hurd M., Parker A., Rohwedder S. The effects of job characteristics on retirement. Journal of Pension Economics & Finance, February, 2020, pp. 1-17.
doi.org/10.1017/S1474747220000025

13. Schmitz J. Companies and older workers: Obstacles and drivers of labour market participation in recruitment and at the work place, in: Paid Work Beyond Pension Age: Comparative Perspectives. S. Scherger (Ed.). Basingstoke, UK, Palgrave Macmillan, 2015, pp. 217-236.
doi.org/10.1057/9781137435149_10